The full form of NAT is network address translation. It is the method of detecting multiple local addresses in a public address by moving information around. Organizations that want multiple devices to hire a single internet protocol address use network address translation, it works just like the home routers.
How does Nat work?
Consider that there is a laptop connected to a router. When someone uses their laptop to look up directions to their favorite restaurants In the form of a packet, the laptop sends a request to the router, along with the passing web First, the router changes the outgoing IP address from a private address to a public address.
The main reason for doing this is if the packets hold a private address the receiving server does not know where to send the information back With the use of NAT, the information will come back to the laptop using the public address, not the private address.
Types of NAT:
There are various types of NAT and people use them for different purposes, but they all still use NAT.
• Static NAT:
When the local address is converted to a public address, static NAT chooses the same Which means that the consistent public IP address is linked with the NAT device.
• Dynamic NAT:
A dynamic host helps to choose different IP addresses instead of choosing the same one. It helps the routers to get a different address each time. The router translates the local address to the public address.
• PAT:
It stands for port address translation. PAT is a type of dynamic host, but it bands several local internet protocol addresses to a singular public one. Under the supervision of the network, the administrator organization wants all their employees to use a singular IP address by using port address translation.
Uses of NAT:
Network address translation is a straightforward process, but what is its purpose of it ultimately it is about security and conservation.
IP conservation:
Internet protocol address recognizes every device connected to the internet. The IP version 4(IPv4) uses the 32-bit numbered IP address which gives access to the 4 billion possible IP addresses. When it is launched in the 1970s it seems more than enough.
Now that the internet has exploded, not everyone on the planet uses the internet regularly those do often have various devices connected like phones, TV, personal desktop, tablet, and even refrigerator.
Therefore, the number of devices wishing to connect to the Internet exceeds the number of available IP addresses. By using the NAT, it helps to connect multiple devices to one IP address. Keeps more IP addresses available than the private IP address multiplied.
To accommodate the IP addresses on June 6, 2012, a new IP address launched was IP version 6 (IPv6). Pv6 uses 128-bit numbered addresses, which allows for an exponential number of potential IP addresses. It will take many years to complete this process until then NAT will be a valuable tool.
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